PMS From Premenstrual Symptoms to Premenstrual Syndrome
During a recent episode of the “Healthful Woman” podcast called “Explaining PMS: From Premenstrual Symptoms to Premenstrual Syndrome,” Dr. Caroline Friedman and host Dr. Nathan Fox discussed Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). PMS affects many women but is often misunderstood. Continue reading to learn more about PMS, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Understanding PMS and Its Impact
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a term commonly used to describe a variety of symptoms women experience before their menstrual period. While many women report symptoms such as breast tenderness, bloating, and fatigue, an official diagnosis of PMS is made when these symptoms significantly interfere with daily activities. Dr. Friedman explains that when symptoms start impacting a person’s day-to-day life, such as their sleep, ability to go to school or go to work, interpersonal relationship, daily tasks, etc., it may meet criteria for something more severe.
The Spectrum of Symptoms
Dr. Friedman and Dr. Fox discuss the spectrum of symptoms associated with PMS, ranging from mild to severe. While mild symptoms are common and experienced by over 50% of women, only about 5% meet the criteria for PMS. Symptoms include physical issues such as breast tenderness and bloating, as well as mood-related symptoms such as irritability and anxiety. The most severe form of mood changes, known as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), affects around 2% of women and includes severe depression and/or anxiety that significantly impacts daily functioning.
Diagnosis and When to Seek Help
Dr. Friedman advises that women should seek medical evaluation if their symptoms are severe enough to impact their daily lives, particularly if they experience thoughts of self-harm or other severe emotional disturbances. Keeping a symptom diary can help identify patterns related to the menstrual cycle, which is crucial for distinguishing PMS from other conditions, such as generalized anxiety or depression.
Treatment Options
Treatment for PMS and PMDD can range from lifestyle changes to medication. Dr. Friedman recommends starting with regular exercise and relaxation techniques such as mindfulness and meditation. If these measures are insufficient, hormonal treatments like birth control pills can help regulate hormone fluctuations that contribute to symptoms. For more severe cases, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective in managing mood-related symptoms and can be taken either throughout the month or only during the symptomatic phase of the cycle.
Importance of Medical Consultation
The podcast highlights the importance of consulting healthcare providers to manage PMS symptoms effectively. Women should not hesitate to discuss their symptoms with their OB/GYN or a mental health provider, as appropriate treatment can significantly improve their quality of life. Both Dr. Friedman and Dr. Fox stress that PMS and PMDD are manageable conditions, and with the right approach, women can lead healthier, more comfortable lives.
Learn More
For more insights on women’s health and to listen to the full episode, visit the “Healthful Woman” podcast on Soundcloud or the official website. Those at Carnegie Women’s Health in New York are your best resource for personalized medical advice and treatment plans.
